CentOS使用rpm离线安装mariadb

环境：

• CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
• mariadb:10.4.7

安装过程中我是使用root用户操作的。

依赖

离线安装不容易啊，按照官方文档：Installing MariaDB With the rpm Tool 的意思，是需要jemalloc、MariaDB*、galera等，但是我只用到了下面的依赖，没有装jemalloc*。文件可以自行 Google，总结就是，缺什么装什么。

boost-program-options-1.53.0-27.el7.x86_64.rpm(galera需要)
galera-4-26.4.0-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch.rpm
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64.rpm

下载

下载地址：http://downloads.mariadb.org/ ，选择适合自己的镜像地址进行下载。

MariaDB-client-10.4.7-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
MariaDB-devel-10.4.7-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
MariaDB-server-10.4.7-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
MariaDB-shared-10.4.7-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm

标准的服务端至少要下载client、shared和server，点击这里 查看各个rpm的含义。

卸载旧版本Mysql

安装之前，旧版本的MYSQL会与MariaDB有冲突，因此需要先卸载MYSQL。检查是否安装：

rpm -qa 'mysql*'

安装依赖

使用下面的命令安装上面下载好的依赖

rpm -ivh boost-program-options-1.53.0-27.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh galera-4-26.4.0-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh perl*

安装MariaDB

rpm -ivh MariaDB-*

启动服务

systemctl start mariadb #立刻启动
systemctl enable mariadb #开机启动
systemctl status mariadb #查看服务状态

设置root密码

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '1234567890'

通过修改mysql数据库，配置实现远程连接：

[root@localhost seafile-env]# /usr/bin/mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.4.7-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [mysql]> grant all privileges  on *.* to root@'localhost' identified by "Passw0rd";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.098 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> grant all privileges  on *.* to root@'%' identified by "Passw0rd";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.028 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> grant all privileges  on *.* to inspur@'10.47.0.172' identified by "Passw0rd";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.109 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> grant all privileges  on *.* to inspur@'10.47.0.172' identified by "Passw0rd";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.093 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> grant all privileges  on *.* to inspur@'%' identified by "Passw0rd";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.138 sec)

MariaDB [mysql]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.003 sec)

测试连接

如果连接失败，可能是防火墙端口没有开放的原因，默认端口是3306，参考这篇文章：CentOS开放端口的方法，对端口进行放开。

错误及解决

错误1：

1）信息

error: Failed dependencies:
    MariaDB-compat is needed by MariaDB-common-10.4.7-1.el7.centos.x86_64
    galera-4 is needed by MariaDB-server-10.4.7-1.el7.centos.x86_64
    perl(Data::Dumper) is needed by MariaDB-server-10.4.7-1.el7.centos.x86_64
    perl(DBI) is needed by MariaDB-server-10.4.7-1.el7.centos.x86_64

2)解决

yum remove mariadb-libs -y

1. Installing MariaDB With the rpm Tool；
2. MariaDB Installation (Version 10.1.21) via RPMs on CentOS 7；